Although rare, the gadolinium contrast dye used in some magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tests can leave behind deposits that may lead to nephrogenic systemic fibrosis.

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis from gadolinium contrast dye is more common in patients with compromised kidney function who have been subjected to more than one test with certain types of dyes.

NSF is a condition characterized by a tightening or contraction of the skin with a rubbery or spongy texture, painfully thickened ligaments, and tightness in the hands and feet that resemble swelling.

According to Inside Radiology, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis is unlikely to occur unless the patient has a preexisting problem with kidney function.

During intake, most technicians will take a history and ask about any medical history affecting renal function. Mild renal function problems do not prohibit the use of gadolinium contrast dye, but a risk-benefit analysis is warranted. There are types of contrast agents that are less risky and will still present the needed picture clarity that the dye gives to the ordering physician.

In cases of advanced kidney malfunction, low risk gadolinium contrast dye can still be used at least once. It is reportedly very unusual to contract nephrogenic systemic fibrosis from one test with one injection. The scientific estimation of that occurring would be one out of 100 injections.

Are Gadolinium Contrast Dyes Necessary?

Not every MRI is ordered with contrast, but sometimes it becomes apparent during the process that the addition of this agent will help bring certain structures into better focus. In this case, technicians then choose to inject the patient with the substance. The patient does have choices, however.

Some patients without any pre-existing conditions related to the kidneys have sensitivities that allow for an almost immediate sensation of faintness or nausea after being administered contrast.

The symptoms usually pass relatively rapidly. An allergic reaction is also within the scope of possibility, but radiologic offices are prepared to handle any substance reaction such as this and try to ward it off by asking the right questions ahead of time.

Gadolinium Deposition Disease

Gadolinium Deposition Disease (GDD) is a term coined for a variety of symptomology related to deposits of contrast agent left behind in the body. While it was once taken for granted that gadolinium was efficiently excreted from the body within a few days of administration, many are claiming it does not eliminate as expected.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) sent out a warning toward the end of 2017 alerting the public of this possibility.

Patients with GDD complain of odd sensations in the trunk of the body and in the extremities that they frequent label as “burning.” They also say that they have difficulty concentrating and are beset by a type of cognitive fog which makes processing information difficult.

Finally, it is not uncommon for there to be memory impairment or for the patient to experience random or chronic pain in the joints or bones in general.