Several studies have looked at the possible link between talc powder and ovarian cancer and lung cancer, with mixed findings. Some studies report a slightly increased risk, while others have found no increase.

The evidence is insufficient to conclude that use of talcum powder leads to an increased risk of ovarian cancer. It is also unclear how talc powder might influence the development of ovarian cancer.

Due to this inconclusive research evidence, talc powder is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as “possibly carcinogenic” (cancer causing) to humans when applied to the genital area.

Talc contains asbestos which, when inhaled, can cause cancer. As asbestos is not an ingredient in modern consumer talc products, exposure risk is mainly for employees in industries who may have long-term exposure to talcum fibers.

Occupational exposure studies can be complicated by the fact that talc in its natural form may contain varying amounts of asbestos. Additionally, miners may be exposed to other substances that could affect lung cancer risk, such as radon, leading to difficulties in separating the risks that might be associated with talc from other known risk factors for lung cancer.

Studies Fail to Accurately Link Talc Powder To Cancer

According to the American Cancer Society, the principal concern is whether talc miners or others who have had long-term exposure to talc particles are at higher risk of lung cancer as a result of breathing them in. In addition, some studies have suggested that women who regularly use talc powder on the genital area have an increased risk of ovarian cancer. The question of ovarian cancer risk among women who use talcum powder has not been settled. Some studies have shown a small increased risk and other investigations have shown none.

As for a link with lung cancer, the big question is whether talc itself might be at fault or whether small amounts of asbestos that occur with some kinds of talc are the problem.

Research Is Inconclusive

There is some suggestion from existing studies that talc powder is associated with a higher risk of ovarian cancer. It is possible that any links are due to statistical errors, or that there is something else that talc users have in common that could affect their risk of ovarian cancer.

Still, some people might still be worried about the safety of talc powder. The American Cancer Society suggests that women could alleviate their concerns by using cornstarch-based powders instead, which don’t contain talc.